Barag, Lev. The uncles go to the beach, sing the song to summon the snake man and kill him. [97], Professor Jack Haney published another Russian variant, titled The Lake Beetle as Groom. Volume 3: Russian Wondertales 1 - Tales of Heroes and Villains, https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/neskazochnaya-proza-velizhskogo-rayona-smolenskoy-oblasti-obschee-i-osobennoe-v-lokalnoy-traditsii, : , , , , Typenverzeichnis der bulgarischen Volksmrchen, Children Born from Eggs: African Magic Tales: Texts and Discussions, Types of the Folktale in the Arab World: A Demographically Oriented Tale-Type Index, Some Day Been Dey (RLE Folklore): West African Pidgin Folktales, Review of Loreto Todd, Some Day Been Dey: West African Pidgin Folktales, https://repository.upenn.edu/nelc_papers/109, Litteratura dos negros: contos, cantigas e parbolas, https://doi.org/10.1524/slaw.1998.43.1.94, Oxford India Short Introductions Series: Kashmir, "Egl ali karalien": pasakos topografijos paiekos, EGLS PASAKOS VARIANTAI XIX A. ANTROJE PUSJE, Wdrwki po guberni augustowskiej w celu naukowym odbyte, The Tricolour Sun: Latvian Lyrics in English Versions, an Essay on Latvian Poetry, and Critical Commentaries, Le mari-couleuvre ou Pourquoi le coucou coucoule, "IF YOU KILL A SNAKE THE SUN WILL CRY". The reptile promises to return her clothes if she agrees to marry her, to which she answers yes so she can get her clothes back. The god of the sea has a handy dispensary of useful medicines, too, especially those which can guarantee a long life. According to Greek myths, she was a very beautiful young woman who had many suitors. "On the Cult of the Snake in Ancient Baltic and Slavic Tradition (based on language material from the Latvian folksongs)". Liliana Daskalova Perkowski, Doroteja Dobreva, Jordanka Koceva & Evgenija Miceva. (2020). [106], In a tale from the Tatar people titled "" ("Zuhra"), an old couple try to have a child, but none of their children survive, until they have a girl they name Zuhra. In: Astramskait, Daiva (1993). The man moves out of his parents's home with his wife to an island in the middle of the sea. [40] Another line of scholarship states that the tale refers to an ancient "Balto-Slavic totemic myth". "Lietuvi pasak tyrim imtmetis: nuo tradicins komparatyvistikos iki iuolaikini metod" [Hundred years of the Lithuanian folktale research: from the traditional comparativism to the modern methods]. In mythology, there are Naga Lokas in the netherworld - a whole society of not just snakes, but human beings who belong to the snake clan. A similar assessment was made by professor Jack V. Haney, to whom the tale type appears "only around the south Baltic coast". At least 12 different approaches are reported. The girl's brothers torture their nephews in the bath house and they tell their uncles the secret command. [123], In the 19th century, Polish writer Aleksander Poujaski published a study on the Augustw region, and suggested that two places, a lake named Jeglwek and a village named Jegliniec (where a Lithuanian fortress was previously located), were connected to the name Egle. B Brunhild (11 P) C Clodhna (12 P) F Fairy Queens (9 P) G Queens in Greek mythology (4 C, 142 P) Q [6][7], The tale was translated as Spruce, Queen of the Grass Snakes. Then after three days, thousands of grass snakes march into the yard of her parents' house. Egl bears four children (three sons (uolas (Oak), Uosis (Ash) and Beras (Birch)) and one youngest daughter Drebul (Aspen)). Folktale Type 425-M: A Study in Oicotype and Folk Belief, Les contes du peuple lituanien dans la littrature contemporaine, English translation of the tale (following Salomja Neris' version), A version of the tale from Suwalski, Poland, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Egl_the_Queen_of_Serpents&oldid=1150329812, Eugenijus muida Egl ali karalien: gyvybs ir mirties domenas. A feathered serpent of Aztec myth, Quetzalcoatl is believed to be the creator of man, and the dividing deity between the land and the sky. [122], Studies suggest that characters of the tale named several geographic features, such as toponyms and hydronyms of northwestern Russia, Pskov region. Later, Sira eats some food her mother prepared and a hen reveals it is made from the flesh of the serpent. The old woman places her grandchildren to bed, and, taking a saber, goes to the lake in the dead of night to summon the Black Snake (the "padishah of the jinn"). When Egl hears her dead husband's voice and discovers how her beloved has died, as a punishment for betrayal she whispers an enchantment, which turns her fragile fearful daughter into a quaking aspen. Instead of seeing a serpent or a grass snake on the seashore, Egl meets her bridegroom ilvinas, who appears to be a handsome man - the Grass Snake Prince. Shocked, upset, hesitant (how can she, a person, marry a grass snake? A donkey is one of his symbols because he would ride a donkey instead of a chariot. As for Nagini, the human-turned-snake sidekick of Voldemort first introduced in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, she finds her roots in an ancient history of her own, where women and snakes are intertwined. Manannn mac Lir is a sea deity and referred to as the first ruler of the Manx Nation and very closely linked with the Isle of Man. In order to be allowed to visit home, Egl is required to fulfill three impossible tasks: to spin a never-ending tuft of silk, wear down a pair of iron shoes and to bake a pie with no utensils. The girl rushes back to the lake and, seeing her dead husband, curses her two children to become white swans and herself a gray cuckoo. Rules over: Marriage, women, birth and the heavens; Title: Queen of Heaven; Gender: Female; Symbols: Jewelled crown, sceptre, pomegranate Papa-Water gives her plenty of fish and teaches her a magic song to summon him and the fishes. 63). 261-264. [42], Although its ultimate time and place of origin cannot be settled with certainty, the Lithuanian myth has been compared with similar stories found among Native American peoples (Wayampi, Yahgan and Coos), which could be the result of an inherited Ancient North Eurasian motif featuring a woman marrying an aquatic animal, violating human laws on exogamy and connecting the terrestrial and aquatic worlds. [72], In an Estonian tale published by folklorist Oskar Loorits with the title Die Schlangenbraut ("The Snake's Bride"), a mother consults with a wise man the fate of her daughters: her two elders shall marry later, but the youngest shall soon meet her intended mate, a snake. They do not say a word to their sister about the horrible crime they have just committed. She then questions her sons if any of them told anything about the secret song, and the youngest answers that he did. The maiden "saw she had manifest death before her" and, by her command, orders her children to become birds: the boy a nightingale and the girl a cuckoo, and it is implied that a dead nettle is what remained of her. [110], The tale is also said to be "very popular" in the Pomeranian region. [41], A quantitative study, published by folklorist Sara Graa da Silva and anthropologist Jamshid J. Tehrani in 2016, seemed to indicate that the tale type shows a certain antiquity: based on a phylogenetic model, both researchers estimated that the ATU 425M type belongs to an "ancestral tale corpora" of the Balto-Slavic languages. That evening, a giant snake comes out of the sea and knocks at the girl's door. The Black Snake then appears and demands Zuhra as his bride. "Apuleius' Cupid Considered as a Lamia (Metamorphoses 5.17-18).". [99], In a tale collected from a Karelian source with the title "-" ("The Reptile Beloved"), twelve maidens go to bathe in the sea and leave their clothes on the shore. "Buto is the Greek name for the town where her worship centered in the Nile Delta" (Babb . The storm ends with a loud crash that stirs up the mother and her daughter. She tries to calm him down and pleads to be allowed ashore to visit her mother once. The feast is going on for three weeks, and thereafter the couple lives happily together. He sets a riddle for any suitors: whoever guesses the right material of both mantles, shall marry the princess. The poem is about a water goblin who is sitting on a poplar by his lake, singing to the moon and sewing clothes for his wedding soon to come. There are several Aztec gods and goddesses of the underworld, but Mictlntcutli is the most prominent one. In his analysis of Lithuanian folktales (published in 1936), he previously classified the tale as 425D*, alio mona ("The Girl as Wife to a Snake"), with 27 variants reported until then. The Serpent Queen Reveals Just How Modern Catherine De Medici's Story Really Was "In a world where we talk about glass ceilings, she was somebody who broke a concrete ceiling, and she did it. The couple keep her safe from the world, until she is fourteen years old, when some girls from the village enter the couple's house and beg for Zuhra to join them for playtime int he water. ""Egl ali karalien": pasakos topografijos paiekos" ["Egl - the Queen of Serpents": in search of the tale's topography]. To this plea the mother tells him to bring the child to them. [37] Balticist Letas Palmaitis[lt], citing Bronislava Kerbelyte[lt] and Meletinsky, described the tragic fate of Egle's family as consequence of tribalism: her brothers kill the 'animal' husband because he belongs to another tribe or group, and, for bearing his sons, Egle and her children must also disappear. Le projet du Dictionnaire de motifs et de contes-types tiologiques chez les slaves orientaux. " . 142-144. After Sira leaves, Cumba returns home to tell her mother everything. A simplified version of the myth regards Manasa as the daughter of Lord Shiva. Z zagadnie przysowioznawstwa, https://doi.org/10.17161/folklorica.v3i2.3670, HISTORY OF RECORDING OF FOLKTALE GRASS-SNAKE AS A HUSBAND (BATHING GIRLS GARMENT KEPT UNTIL PROMISE OF MARRIAGE) (425 M) AMONG RUSSIANS, The Complete Russian Folktale. While some elements of the original mythology remained, the character's evolution did not . A toad and a crab jump out of the water to tell the woman the girl is doing fine. In another myth, Hera sent two snakes to kill Heracles when he was still an infant. Suddenly, a booming voice echoes from below the water asking the girl to marry it. . " " [Mari Folk Tales]. [68] According to Estonian folklorists (who worked in conjunction with the Lithuanians), the Estonian archives registered 34 variants of the tale type,[69] and, at the end of the tale, the serpent's wife becomes a birch or aspen and her children turn into bark or leaves. She is the sister of Vasuki, king of Nagas and wife of sage Jagatkaru. " ". The girl sees the dead husband and commands the son to become a lark and the daughter a cuckoo, while she is washed away by the waves, never to be seen again. This told that Isis was the daughter of the earth god Geb and the sky goddess Nut and the sister of the deities Osiris, Seth, and Nephthys.Married to Osiris, king of Egypt, Isis was a queen who supported her husband and taught the women of Egypt how to weave, bake, and brew beer. [71], In an Estonian tale translated into Hungarian as A kirlylny bocskora, a king prepares two mantles, one made from louseskin, the other from flea skin. URL: , . [54], According to researcher Galina Kabakova, the fate of the children at the end of the tale is important to determine the origin of that particular variant (based on a geographical method): in the main Lithuanian versions, mother and children are transformed into trees, a motif that occurs in versions collected from the Belarus's border between Poland and Lithuania, and in Russian versions collected in Lithuania. He mirrors only men; another forms the beasts and birds and the long sliding snakes.-Ovid, Metamorphoses 11. However, when the time comes, the sky darkens and a retinue of snakes, jinns and peris come to Zuhra's house in their master's name. Nagas and Lamias His eyes were glowing red. In the temple of Athena in Athens, a snake held in a cage was believed to be the reincarnation of Erichthonius, an early king in ancient Greece. Day in and day out Nw amused herself making mud figures and watching them come to life. A large snake comes to the castle and guesses it right, then takes the princess with him as his bride to his abode in the sea. The next day, the girl and her daughters go back to the lake. In: , [Ryzhakova, Svetlana Igorevna] (2009). The next morning, Zuhra says her goodbyes to her mother and goes back to the lake. Subcategories This category has the following 7 subcategories, out of 7 total. Kostiukhin, E. A. [35] By using the magical incantation to summon the snake bridegroom, Egle builds a bridge between her world and the aquatic one (or an underground, chthonic realm). The snake wraps itself around Zuhra, they both dive into the lake and swim until they reach a large gate. Eckert, Rainer. Also Kekrops, an early king of Athens who was depicted as being Closer to Earth by having the lower body of a snake. [1] The tale features not only humanreptile shapeshifting, but irreversible humantree shapeshifting as well. "Ados Martinkus studija apie Egl". The old woman convinces her daughter to spend a night on her old home, while she goes in the dead of night to the shore to summon the snake spouse and kill him. At first, she is hesitant and afraid, but relents and, after seeing that the snake can change into a handsome man, accepts him wholeheartedly. [116] The story was considered by folklorist Dan Ben-Amos as belonging to the type 425M. FOLKLORICA - Journal of the Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Folklore Association 3 (2): 12. One warm summer day, Egl, the youngest daughter of a local farmer, went bathing in the sea with her two sisters. In addition to these areas of influence, Hera was . Variants collected at East Lithuania show the transformation of the children into birds. 81-82. The serpent emerges from the water and is killed by the man. Thereafter she turns her sons into strong trees - an oak, an ash and a birch. A little bird gives her a clue on how to fulfill both tasks and she tricks her husband. [59], In a Lithuanian variant, Das Mdchen und die Schlange ("The Girl and the Snake"), a widow lives with her daughter in a house at the beach. She was however raped by the sea god Poseidon in Athena's temple. The girl and her mother board up the doors and windows and wait for a sudden storm to pass. The next morning, Mirzhan goes back to the shore to summon her husband, but she only sees a red tint in the river and her husband's head near the reeds. Three weeks later, the snake comes to get his bride in a grand golden carriage. Bagoinas, Saulis. One day, the man's wife wants to visit her brothers, and the man teaches her a magic command to move from the island to the continent, while also warning her not to tell anything of their life to her brothers. "Le mari-serpent ou Pourquoi le coucou coucoule". From the theodical foundation myth of Pandora, the first human woman to be created by Hephaestus, beautiful women prove disastrous for the men they seduce . She agrees; the snake returns the garments and teaches her a command to summon him, Yaku. [129] In his tale, titled The Snake, the serpent lies on the smock of a girl named Masha. Its mythological background has been an interest of Lithuanian and foreign researchers of Indo-European mythology; Gintaras Beresneviius considered it being a Lithuanian theogonic myth. She likes to spend her days dipping her feet in water, and a large green fish plays between her feet. [73], In a tale from the Lutsi Estonians collected by linguist Oskar Kallas with the name Ussiks niutud mees ("The Man Enchanted to be a Snake"), a couple prays for a son, and God gives them a snake. " 425M ". Prior to their departure, he instructs them how to call him from the depths of the sea and asks not to tell this secret to anyone else. .. the dance, live snakes were handled and at the end of the dance the snakes were released into the fields to guarantee good crops. Jrv, Risto; Kaasik, Mairi; Toomeos-Orglaan, Krri. Hundreds of different wings were grafted onto his body. The religious reception ties into this, as does the Freudian interpretation that . He explains she disenchanted him and he will make her his wife as the "Queen of the Seas" ("du wirst fortan Knigin des Meeres sein"), in his palace in the middle of the sea. It is the child of Loki and giant Angrboa. Finally, a frightened daughter tells them the grass snake summoning chant: All twelve brothers of Egl call ilvinas the Grass Snake from the sea and kill him using scythes. She summons her husband three times, but he does not respond. https://go.nebula.tv/extramythologyIn Lithuania, there's a story about how the trees got their names. The next two years, her mother goes to the sea shore and asks about her daughter. [39], The tale about a snake spouse is also considered by Russian scholarship to be a "common Slavic" or "pan-Slavic" fairy tale, with possible Indo-European origins. Saddened with grief, she decides to enter the sea and a wave washes over her. In a variation of the story, Princess Himal is a human and her lover Nagaray is a nga - a snake-like being that lives in a watery realm, and at the end of the tale deities Shiva and Parvati reunite both lovers by resurrecting their ashes in a magical spring. Mictlan is the realm where Quetzalcoatl went and revived human civilizations. In: Luven, Yvonne. " ". After nine days, Egl arrives at the seashore and calls her husband, but unfortunately only the foams of blood return from the sea. .. Under this rubric are snakes, usually of the python kind (despite the fact that naga is usually taken literally to refer to a cobra ,) deities of the primal ocean and of mountain springs; also spirits of earth and the realm beneath . He is usually associated with the Tuatha D Danann. However, he is rescued by a mysterious man with greenish hair who introduces himself as Zaltis, the King of the Lakes. . The reunion of mother and daughter is very emotional and they eventually hug despite daughter's promise. [62], In a Latvian tale, translated into Russian as " " ("The Bride of the Snake") and into English as The Sea Snake's Bride, three girls run to the beach to play in the water. During the wedding festivities, the snake climbs onto her lap, but the girl shoos him away. The other girls flee in fear, while Mirzhan runs to the shore to get her clothes, but a snake sits on them. [88][c], In a Polish tale translated as Jegle and the King of the Lakes, a fisherman has two sons and goes to fish in the lake, when, suddenly, a storm begins to rage on the lake, threating to drown the man. Medusa is a classic example of this, and indeed many other man serpents have the hypnotic stare and superhuman strength that the snake queen is known for. Jrmungandr is a famous sea creature from Norse mythology known as the Midgard Serpent or the World Serpent. [98] The tale was originally collected by Russian philologist Dimitry M. Balashov[ru] from informant Elisaveta Ivanovna Sidorova, from Tersky region, in the White Sea, with the title " " ("Lake Bettle - Groom"). Hera was the goddess of marriage, family, and childbirth and was often portrayed as a regal and influential figure. pp. She opens the door and answers to the snake's wishes: to be given food and to sleep next to her in her bed. [36], Other interpretations focus on the intergroup marriage aspect of the story: Egle's family (brothers) would then represent male relatives fighting against a male from another family or clan to rescue their only sister, by torturing their nephews and niece (the fruits of this "spurious" union). Leningrad: , 1970. pp. 4, 2011, pp. In Sumerian and Old-Babylonian literary tradition the snake was a wise creature and an granted miraculous herbs for eternal youth and immortality. The story can be subdivided into a number of sections each having parallels with motifs of other folk tales, yet a combination of them is unique. and snake. She does and takes her three children with her. -: , 1984. pp. [9], The tale was translated into German language as Egle, die Schlangenknigin by German professor Carl Cappeller[sv] in his book of Lithuanian folktales,[10] and as Das Weib des Schlangenmannes ("The Wife of the Snake-Man"), and published in Mitteilungen der Litauischen literarischen Gesellschaft. [38], Another view, espoused by scholar Eugenijus muida, is that the tale harks back to a myth about a maiden offered as the bride to a snake (who represents a deity of waters). [49] The tale is also said to be known in Germany, Finland and among the "Cheremis" (Mari people). Apollo (Greek god of healing, medicine, music, and poetry): Lyre (musical . Medusa did not come into existence as a woman with a head of snakes. 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