Physiological acts such as the sexual union of humans also is displayed in the religious forming of the natural world, the joining of both heaven (man) and earth (woman). Are you with me?
In his book, ‘the sacred and the profane’ the author, Mircea Eliade reveals the perceptions of both a religious and non-religious man in terms of the aspect of sacred place in this world is concerned. Sacred spaces take shape from there, representing some form of identification to the gods and the heavens.
But as we shall soon see, what is involved is not a veneration of the stone in itself, a cult of the tree in itself. Gifted with great psychological subtlety, and thoroughly prepared by his twofold training as theologian and historian of religions, he succeeded in determining the content and specific characteristics of religious experience. Sacred time emphasizes the “origin of time”, the moment the cosmos were created and the desire to celebrate and continue the rebirth of the New Year.
Eliade uses the history of religion to support his ideas as the the book itself is a brief introduction to religion as a whole, particulary the religions of primitive societies. It does not help to say that that there was more to the sacred in pre-modern times than churches, temples, stone circles etc and the rituals that went on inside them. Our chief concern in the following pages will be to elucidate this subject to show in what ways religious man attempts to remain as long as possible in a sacred universe, and hence what his total experience of life proves to be in comparison with the experience of the man without religious feeling, of the man who lives, or wishes to live, in a desacralized world. We have to think of sacred poles as comparable to the military banners and standards that soldiers used to die for, as we are told.
The human body too with its physiological experiences also can be applied as a symbol to the cosmogonic myth.
I shall select such examples from among the Mesopotamians, the Indians, the Chinese, the Kwakiutl and other primitive peoples. The man of the traditional societies is admittedly a homo religiosus, but his behavior forms part of the general behavior of mankind and hence is of concern to philoanthropology, to phenomenology, to psycholom. Space according to Eliade, can either be heterogeneous or homogenous. Are You on a Short Deadline? British Catholic religious studies academic, David Torrevel, in his book Losing the Sacred [2000] - appraising critically the 1960s Vatican II reforms to the liturgy - refers to American Catholic liturgy theorist, Francis Mannion, and it appears that both accept unquestioningly what Eliade has to say about the sacred as other!
sacred.
A Connection of Sacred and Profane History From the Death of Joshua to the Decline of the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah (Intended to Complete the Works of Shuckford and Prideaux)
By manifesting the sacred, any object becomes something else, yet it continues to remain itself, for it continues to participate in its surrounding cosmic milieu. For example, at tight-packed Sunday mass, the smells of the burning candles, of the incense if it was High Mass, those of the women and girls in their Sunday clothes, even those of the sweaty, boozy Irish migrant workers crowded at the back, many from East Mayo as my mother's father had been, had a reassuring potency; I could expect to see relatives I loved, other people I knew and so on: mostly the patronising late colonialist Mary Douglas's bog Irishor descendants of same, of course.
Eliade uses the history of religion to support his ideas as the the book itself is a brief introduction to religion as a whole, particulary the religions of primitive societies. A continual cycle of birth, death, and rebirth is prevalent in all major religions. A modern, non-religious person will certainly appreciate the point Eliade is making. Ziggurats and other artificial sacred mountains might have initially seemed sacred because wholly other, though probably not to those who laboured on their construction. The functions they serve all essentially go directly back to the cosmogonic myth which provides the crucial framework for primitive religions and a foundation for modern religions too. Nature provides a chief component in primitive religious man’s view of the cosmos and his gods. p80) He is free of previous faults and his rebirth echoes that of the original cosmogonic myth.
It just cannot be that this pole was carried around openly by a nomadic band or whatever on its peregrinations without everybody being totally familiar with it and its sacredness derived from that, rather than from it being experienced as wholly other. ” (p64) The overall function would be the acknowledgement of a real apprehensible world, made possible by the gods, and to recreate it, be it through a temple designed specifically to communicate with gods or within an individual’s home. Formed by the divine, the cosmos is sacred, by Eliade's definition wholly other, but at the same time it is our world, meaning it is wholly familiar.
Festivals, ceremonies, and even pilgrimages help reiterate this idea, emphasizing on themes of rebirth, renewal, and keeping alive the cosmogonic myth as well as other myths and events which the gods and culture heroes did in the past.
From the point of view of literary history, such juxtapositions are to be viewed with suspicion; but they are valid if our object is to describe the poetic phenomenon as such, if we propose to show the essential difference between poetic language and the utilitarian language of everyday life. Indeed, it could be that one of the causes of the Reformation was that familiarity had bred contempt in the churches, with people using them to get out of the rain, meet friends, or whatever. The reader will very soon realize that sacred and profane are two modes of being in the world, two existential situations assumed by man in the course of his history.
The Sacred & the Profane is based on a fundamental contradiction.
Building a mere house or dwelling symbolizes the cosmic creation again as it displays man’s religious want to be at the center of the world and nearer to his gods.
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