After a few smaller “cleanup” campaigns, the Wokou threat was considered stamped out by 1567. They used to invade the southern provinces of Korea, then later migrating northern areas. The regular Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) military was in shambles during the later years of the Dynasty. Wakou pirates attacked Korean ports and stole treasure. Ĉi Jiguang antaŭ tiu tempo kunvenis sian propran armeon de laborkapablaj farmistoj de Yiwu kaj elpensis la mandarenanasformacion (鴛鴦陣) por rebati la imponajn japanajn kontingentojn inter la ŭokou. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account.
[64] [32] Malgraŭ lia granda potenco, Wang Zhi komence serĉis trankviligi la Ming-registaron en espero de iĝado de la maraj malpermesoj malstreĉite, tiel ke li turnis la rivalajn piratgvidantojn kiujn li kaptis inte al la aŭtoritatoj. Korea also launched attacks on pirate bases on Tsushima Island in 1419. Provincaj aŭtoritatoj esperis ke malfermante komercon, la ekonomie marĝenigita de Gŭangdongo havus legitimajn porvivaĵojn kaj ne bezonus descendi en piratadon. Malgraŭ kelkaj komentistoj kiuj gajnis poenton ne por uzi la esprimon, multaj havis neniun eldonas vokantaj ĉiuj piratoj "Faras" (japanaj) ekde fortranĉado japana kapo donis pli bonan monan kompenson de la registaro, [103] kaj ŝajnigi ke la piratoj estis japanaj igis ilin ekstera problemo preter la respondecaj kampoj de la lokaj oficialuloj. [109] Among them are the well-restored Pucheng Fortress (in Cangnan County, Zhejiang) and Chongwu Fortress (in Chongwu, Huai'an County, Fujian), as well as the ruins of the Liu'ao Fortress in Liu'ao, Zhangpu County (Fujian). Although they are often called “Japanese pirates,” in reality these pirate groups were made up not only of Japanese but ethnic Koreans and Chinese as well. Independence was regained during the reign of Gongmin in the mid 14th century, and afterward Generals Choe Yeong and Yi Seong-gye rose to prominence with victories over invading Red Turban armies from the north and Wokou marauders from the south. These pirate gangs raided and utilized an irregular method of warfare, and the Japanese-style swordsmen in the pirate ranks were well-practiced in their swordcraft. In 1553, a young man named Qi Jiguang became Assistant Regional Military Commissioner of the Ming dynasty and was assigned to "punish the bandits and guard the people" which meant taking on the Japanese pirates attacking the Ming east coast. [47]
The pirate-warlord Limahong attempted and failed to invade Manila and afterwards set up a temporary pirate state in Caboloan (Pangasinan) before he was expelled by the Spanish.[31]. In the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, the compiled section for King Sejong relates that a vassal named Yi Sun-mong (Korean: 이순몽; Hanja: 李順蒙, 1386–1449) told his monarch "I hear that in the late Goryeo kingdom period, Wokou roaming (our country) and the peasants could not withstand them. This closed down a major potential avenue of business for many Chinese merchants in the coastal regions. But that is a whole different pirate tale! Japanese pirates did exist but were confined to local targets. These groups of pirates were collectively called Wōkòu (倭寇). [112] This method of small unit tactics was highly innovative, and not commonly seen on Chinese battlefields at this time. La malmultaj rabatakantoj kiuj sukcesis stiri la ŝipojn for estis preterpasitaj supren fare de maramea eskadro proksimaj. [90]
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