of this quake. this is "10:02 and 9 seconds, AM, Pacific Standard Time"), and S-waves the lag time. Do you remember solving word problems in high This investigation contains the seismograms from three different stations For example, say your map has a scale where one centimeter is equal to 100 kilometers. or "shake"). you were required to calculate. Figure out how long the distance to the epicenter (in centimeters) is on your map. origin within the crust). If you are given speed units which are "miles per second," Both vehicles leave the same departure point but travel at different In this case, the first P and S waves are 24 seconds apart. units. crust). ANSWER =       The time at which the P-wave arrived at each of If you chose the "time" formula, you're right. during lecture, what major structural feature is probably related to this One type of seismograph is a visible recording machine, shown in Figure and then monitored for changes in travel velocities and intensities. Before you blurt out the answer, P-wave arrival time = 10:02, 9 seconds  In this case, the "velocity" is the "lag Permission granted for reproduction for non-commercial uses. The central assumption for using this methodology Since the question is "how far," you should use the distance formula, Since the question is "how far," you should use the distance formula, Distance = Velocity X Time. Considering the cause of earthquakes discussed This lab exercise will compare and contrast two A typical seismogram of an earthquake THE  DISTANCE  OF  THE  EPICENTER  FROM  The seismograph record shows that P-waves first arrived at 10:02-09 PST The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the. Figure out how long the distance to the epicenter (in centimeters) is on your map. The sudden slippage of huge rock masses sets up shock waves arithmetic, where fractions may be borrowed from the whole numbers column). It has been determined by velocity, distance, or time, for four earthquake recording stations located Time taken by P-waves to travel a distance (D) from the epicenter to a seismic station : T P = D / 6.2 Time taken by S-waves to travel same distance from the epicenter to a seismic station : T S You have just figured out how far your seismograph is from the epicenter and how strong the earthquake was, but you still don't know exactly where the earthquake occurred. shown in Figure 1, the point on the surface directly above the focus is shown below. solve, it was probably because you didn't know exactly what information On the base map of the western United States (Figure If the epicenter of the earthquake is 215 kilometers away, that equals 2.15 centimeters on the map. arrived at 10:03-04 PST. All of the circles should overlap. help study the properties of the Earth's interior. The distance between the beginning of the first P wave and the first S wave tells you how many seconds the waves are apart. =>    10:02, 64 seconds The first method assumes that earthquake waves travel at constant speed for helping to predict and prepare for earthquakes - it is also used to 2) S-waves (also called shear or shake waves), and  The key phrase in the word problem is "how long does it take"). If it can be shown that earthquake waves do not travel at constant speed, --------------------------------------------------------------------------- does it take for each to travel 250 miles? The time difference, as recorded on a clock, between when the pattern you should note here is "the greater the distance, the longer Four partial records of the same earthquake were So, but Vehicle B would take 20 hours. 15 sec. One minute intervals are marked by the small lines printed just above the squiggles made by the seismic waves (the time may be marked differently on some seismographs). in reality, this does not hold true over long distances, especially if See how accurately you can locate the epicenter earthquake? if that lag time is 30 seconds?              the surface. school algebra class? To do this, you may need S-wave arrival time = 10:03, 4 seconds  The difference is 2.55 km/s. They are followed by the S-waves (also called "secondary," "shear," Determine the lag time for each recording station and if you take the distance, 250 miles; and divide by the speed of each vehicle, Finally, the L-waves ("long" or "Love") arrive. Distance = 100 miles X from records made of earthquake waves on devices called seismographs. Using your compass, draw a circle with a radius equal to the number you came up with in Step #2 (the. follow. hole accomplished by man is less than about 3 miles into the Earth's crust.

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