Even though this may seem the same to you, it makes a huge difference in combination with other functions. Before we dive into our 2 new custom functions, I'd like to briefly describe our Function by Color add-on in case you're not familiar with it. To do this, you can use the OR or AND functions. }. Is there a way to have one cell be gradient between two colors (ex. and our Expand possibilities for processing color-coded cells in Google Sheets with this add-on. The process for each rule is very similar to the previous example. To do this simply click/select cell C6, then open the "Fill Color" menu, then select the color red. Select the cell you want to copy the formatting to and hit the paste keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + V on Windows or Command + V . Google Sheets Conditional Formatting Based on Another Cell Color. (I have also made the lines thicker here to make the color stand out more in the image). You may not need those color names directly but you can use them in other functions, for example, as a condition. The cells A1:A3 will be colored red. Specifically, the teacher wants students with an average below 70 in red, and students in the 90s in green. Check the cell color using the Google Sheets palette: Since COUNTIFS itself cannot just pick up color, I use our CELLCOLOR as a range for condition. I love teaching what I know to others so that they can amplify their spreadsheet knowledge, gain value in the professional world, and learn how to build any type of spreadsheet that they need for their business. In this section, we will solve the size and placement problem by using the built-in drawing tool inside Google Sheets. Drag through columns, rows, or cells to select them, or for the whole sheet, click the rectangle on the top left corner where the first column and row meet. So, while I can apply the conditional formatting, it applies to the whole row. Ill choose a Formatting style thats red in order to suit the situation. Select the range you want to format. To do this, follow all the same steps as before, but select Custom formula is from the Format cells if drop-down field. A teacher can highlight test scores to see which students scored less than 80%. This example uses it to adjust the green value of text, increasing from 0 to 100% over the length of a string in the active cell. You'll have to enable it, as it is an "Advanced Service". Another way to use alternating colors is the use conditional formatting. If so, IF returns 'PASS', otherwise, the cell remains empty. if (d.getElementById(id)) return; When I embed it in COUNTIFS, the latter scans that list searching for all occurrences of 'light green 3'. On the Google Sheets toolbar, click on the text color button. To the right of each value, Minpoint, Midpoint, and Maxpoint, use the color button to display the palette. This formula couldn't be used in SUMIFS and COUNTIFS so you still couldn't count by multiple conditions like common hue and the contents of cells at the same time. 35+ handy options to make your text cells perfect. The function will generate text and then goes through all of the cells highlight the chosen words. Tip. You won't find it in spreadsheets without the add-on. My name is Corey, and I created this website to help people learn how to use Google Sheets. Because you want the names highlighted based on the average scores, highlight the names as the Apply to range, and add the scores by typing the rule into the Custom formula is section from the Format cells if drop-down field. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,600],'officedemy_com-leader-2','ezslot_5',622,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-leader-2-0'); Step 5if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'officedemy_com-sky-4','ezslot_23',623,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-sky-4-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'officedemy_com-sky-4','ezslot_24',623,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-sky-4-0_1');.sky-4-multi-623{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:7px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:7px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:50px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}, Now hold the rectangle, and place it next to the first one perfectly, guides will help you tell your position. Keep everyone on the same page with these helpful articles from our experts. From Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides, you can: Change the color of text, objects, and backgrounds, Create custom colors through HEX values, RGB values, or the eyedropper tool. In this example we will color the range A1:D1 to make the cells in the header stand out. To color a cell in Google Sheets, select the cell that you want to color, open the "fill color" menu, then select the color that you want. I have a technical education background that empowers me to stand out in today's digital world. There are many different options for coloring cells in Google Sheets that will allow you to make your spreadsheet visually appealing and easy to read. For example, you are a school teacher and you have given some kind of template to your students to make them learn with the help of design to make that sheet attractive and colorful for them. Do not waste your time on composing repetitive emails from scratch in a tedious keystroke-by-keystroke way. To change text color in Google Sheets, select the range of cells that contain the text/values that you want to color, open the "Text color" menu, and then select the color that you want. i.e. But since the cell have a floating drawing image over it so we cannot write anything in the cell. Hi, Trying to use the countifs and cellcolor functions as stated above. Information may or may not repeat. Retrieve multiple fonts data from within a cell, Format a Google Sheets cell in plaintext via Apps Script, Fetch values from multiple sheets Google sheets, google app script for sheets - select multiple list values and record in same cell, Insert image into Google Sheets cell using Google Sheets API. (If you want, you can also select the header or even the entire sheet). Let's say that we want to manually mark this cell red, to make it stand out. I am trying to format a cell to have multiple font colors using a function in Google Apps Script. I am trying to leverage this for only calculating part of a row. The formula below will color even columns (B, D, F, etc): The formula below will color odd columns (A, C, E, etc): If you want you can choose your own color from the formatting style options, and you can select other formatting options to apply to the cells/rows/columns that your conditional formatting rules apply to. However I have 7 cells in the range with color magenta but when I change or omit the colors for the M3 matched cells the count does not change. I'll look into the problem. A young and self-motivated content writer having years of experience expertise in MS Office suite, Google docs Editor Suite. Does Chain Lightning deal damage to its original target first? For example, the formula below returns the list of fill and font colors used in each cell of A2:A7: So how do these functions can be used with IF, SUMIFS, COUNTIFS? To do this click on the letter "D" on the top of column D to select the entire column, open the "Fill color" menu, and then select the color that you want. To do this click on the number "6" on the far left of row 6 to select the entire row, open the "Fill color" menu, and then select the color that you want. Put it as a range that should be tested for colors. In a couple of instances, some resources might be available AND billable and, consequently, require 2 different colors in the cell (from the legend). With the Sheets API, the TextFormatRun property can be manipulated on a cell-by-cell basis. Adjust to suit your needs. I used a direct condition for this particular example. Is it also possible to count cells with different shades of green, HELLO, When writing a new userEnteredValue, previous runs will be erased. So, if you dont need anything to get started simply follow this guide. Step 2. If a Google Sheet cell has 2 Conditional formattings, one which changes only font color, one which changes only the background, only the first conditional formatting affects the cell. Documentation is not published yet. @atralb yes, you can specifically query for. The fill color of the cells or box, in the toolbar, click Fill color, The border color of the cells or box, in the toolbar, click Border color. Note: Formulas can only reference the same sheet, using standard notation "(='sheetname'!cell)." To reference another sheet in the formula, use the INDIRECT function. What sort of contractor retrofits kitchen exhaust ducts in the US? newTextStyle() and newRichTextValue(). Ill start with a basic example using conditional formatting to change a cells color. It works when I put the actual date range directly in but not when I create it using cells as reference nor with indirect. To learn this method keep reading and see the below steps without skipping any of them. Formatting Sparklines Using Text Color In Google Sheets, click Borders Border color . Like in the last example, here you can either select the range to color first, or you can type it into the "Apply to range" field in the conditional formatting menu. Select a cell whose color you want to change. Or, for that matter, select a color that is not one of the 40 in the paint button? Using Google products, like Google Docs, at work or school? For me to be able to help you, please share your spreadsheet with the formula that doesn't work correctly with us: support@apps4gs.com. Step 6if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'officedemy_com-mobile-leaderboard-1','ezslot_10',624,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-mobile-leaderboard-1-0'); Now you have made two rectangles which look like one rectangular shape with a line in between, Now select the first shape > Go to fill color in the toolbar and choose your desired color for the left side, Step 8if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[120,600],'officedemy_com-leader-4','ezslot_8',626,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-leader-4-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[120,600],'officedemy_com-leader-4','ezslot_9',626,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-leader-4-0_1');.leader-4-multi-626{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:15px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:15px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:600px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}, Now select the second shape > Go to fill color and choose your second desired color for the right side. Runs are only valid on user entered strings, not formulas, bools, or numbers. All the methods are directly available within Sheets and do not require any additional third-party add-on.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'officedemy_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_15',607,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-medrectangle-3-0'); We sometimes need to have multiple colors in one cell to be more design-oriented. Enable registration in settings - general, How to Make a Cell Color Gradient in Google Sheets [3 Methods], How to Change Text Case in Google Sheets [Complete Guide], How to Find Uncertainty in Google Sheets [Complete Guide], How to Use Google Sheets Conditional Formatting Based on Another Column. Here's how it works: You select the range to process. If you select the range before opening the menu, you will see that the "Apply to range" field will already be filled in. We keep that Google account for file sharing only and don't monitor its Inbox. I'll go over clearing formatting more below, but for now, note that this will remove ALL formatting from a cell. Lets see what is the solution for this in the next section. In the next section, we will little modify this method and will add text to this cell. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Is there a free software for modeling and graphical visualization crystals with defects? For example, if you want to make the whole row green if the value in column B is "Yes", write a formula like "=$B1="Yes". This time, however, the warehouse supervisor wants the Product ID to be highlighted instead of the Quantity. A toolbar will open to the right. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Ill use the same example as before. It offers: Sum and count colored cells with Function by Color, Sum and count cells by color and the contents formula examples, COUNTIFS: count by colors & values with 1 formula, SUMIFS: sum cells by colors & values with 1 formula, practice spreadsheet available at the end of the blog post, CELLCOLOR returns a list of colors used in each cell, Function by Color - custom functions - examples, How to count and sum colored cells in Excel, How to count cells by color in Google Sheets, How to highlight duplicates in Google Sheets, Google Spreadsheet COUNTIF function with formula examples, SUMIFS in Google Sheets to sum cells with multiple criteria (AND / OR logic), Merge data from duplicate rows based on a unique column, How to compare data in two Google sheets or columns, finds the average/min/max values among those highlighted cells. Two methods are added to SpreadsheetApp. (Notice that only 4 cells are selected here, as opposed to a whole row being selected which we will go over in the next example). Get Function by Color from the store: https://gsuite.google.com/marketplace/app/function_by_color/431807167189Or have it with other 30+ add-ons:https://workspace.google.com/marketplace/app/power_tools/1058867473888Learn more about Function by Color on our website:https://www.ablebits.com/google-sheets-add-ons/count-colored-cells/index.phpMake a copy of the file from this video:https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1w2yN9gDI-KNiF8TMNgDma5OG3hLX4zH5TIZFeQCU3Go/copy?usp=sharing00:04 Intro to new custom functions00:28 Introducing CELLCOLOR \u0026 VALUESBYCOLORALL00:54 Our data01:09 CELLCOLOR syntax explained01:47 VALUESBYCOLORALL syntax explained02:51 CELLCOLOR in use (SUMIFS/COUNTIFS with colors)03:36 VALUESBUCOLORALL in use (SUMIFS/COUNTIFS with colors)03:57 Wrap-up#googlesheets #spreadsheet #ablebits If you prefer, you can also open the alternating colors menu without selecting a range first, and then type the range that you want to color in the "Apply to range" field. There's a detailed tutorial for the add-on available here and a blog post with examples here. Rules are evaluated in the order listed. Can you please edit your answer to explain how it works? 2 TOOLS TO HANDLE COLORS: - pick & calculate ONE specific color - get an overview of ALL colors in the . If you do not apply / re-apply borders, changing the line color will not take effect. If you want to change the color of a cell in Google Sheets, you can use one of the two options: 1. To apply alternating colors with conditional formatting, use any of the 4 formulas below, in the "Format cells if" options, under the "Custom formula is" drop-down selection: Conditional formatting is an amazingly useful tool that allows you to format cells based on their contents, and the following is just one of the many ways that you can use conditional formatting in Google Sheets. Not the answer you're looking for? Now select the Shape from the toolbar and then select the rectangle shapeif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'officedemy_com-narrow-sky-1','ezslot_12',620,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-narrow-sky-1-0'); Step 4if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'officedemy_com-small-rectangle-2','ezslot_26',621,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-small-rectangle-2-0'); Copy the rectangle and paste it into the same position. We've collected a few more requests and formula examples and are currently investigating the possibility to support such references. This is how can have text in the cell that is of two colors in Google Sheets.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,100],'officedemy_com-mobile-leaderboard-2','ezslot_11',635,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-mobile-leaderboard-2-0'); Using these three methods you can make a cell two colors in Google Sheets, and also you can add text if required. Thanks. All other cells remain empty. Now let's select multiple cells to color, or in other words we will select a range of cells to color. that is available to users via the Google Sheets web UI? This next function is pretty easy: it checks cell colors and returns a list of color names or RGB codes (it's your choice) used in each cell. Now that you know how to use conditional formatting, lets look at how to change the color of a cell based on the value in a different cell. =COUNTIFS($E$2:$E$21,M2,VALUESBYCOLORALL("#900603","WHITE",$H$2:$H$21),"") They let you process colored cells in any of your own formulas. This will replicate any formatting and contents into the pasted cell location, beyond just color so this is only usable in some situations, but I have often used this as a quick method to copy cell color (or white space) to another place very quickly. You can set up colour scales as conditional formatting, but that would still only give you a single colour per cell. SUMIFS also scans A2:A10 for a name from E2 . Learn to work on Office files without installing Office, create dynamic project plans and team calendars, auto-organize your inbox, and more. For more information, please see our Try it, FeaturesTemplatesSecurityCustomersPricing, Terms of usePrivacy policyCookies policyPrivacy guide, CommunityHelp centerYouTube channelLinkedIn. Also, when we are working with some special data like we are teaching color theory on sheets then it can be a handy feature to make a cell two colors in Google sheets. You can see a pop-up menu on the right side as shown below. Here I have a short list of students passing 3 tests: I want to mark the row with PASS in column E only if all cells in a row are green (students who passed all exams). Why hasn't the Attorney General investigated Justice Thomas? Request POST https://sheets.googleapis.com/v4/spreadsheets/ {spreadsheetId}:batchUpdate Body The first thing the formula checks is column A: if there's 'Leela' (a name from E2), it takes the record into account. Is there any way to do this, either geometrically, or with a gradient, or any other way? like the 'fill two color' options in Excel. js.src = "//forms.aweber.com/form/28/1337071628.js"; Now hold this text box and place it over your two-colored rectangular shapeif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,100],'officedemy_com-narrow-sky-2','ezslot_13',632,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-narrow-sky-2-0'); Adjust the size and increase the font size of the text (click on three dots after selecting the text and then you will have a font size control box to increase/decrease font size). So, lets learn how we use the drawing tool to make a cell two colors in Google Sheets. NOTE: To be able to apply different colors different parts of the cell content, the value data type should be text. Archived post. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. Privacy Policy. So you could have two colours - one in the background, and one for the font. Step 1if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[120,600],'officedemy_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_3',619,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[120,600],'officedemy_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_4',619,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-officedemy_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0_1');.large-mobile-banner-2-multi-619{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:15px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:15px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:600px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}. Could you please give me a couple of examples of the fomrulas that don't work? When you work on a template that is mainly for design purposes you or users may want to have multiple colors within a cell. Please do not email there. Learn 2 new Google Sheets functions: CELLCOLOR \u0026 VALUESBYCOLORALL. So, he finds it difficult to identify the products that are going out of stock. These are the ones giving errors: It sums, counts colored cells, calculates the average, finds the maximum or minimum number, and more - and all based on fill and/or text hues. Note that the drawing tool uses an internet connection, and adding an image to the sheet also requires an internet connection, so dont worry if you are having trouble using these features without the internet, they will work fine when your internet connection is restored. Does Chain Lightning deal damage to its original target first using text color in Sheets! Chain Lightning deal damage to its original target first or, for that matter, select a that. Cell be gradient between two colors ( ex right side as shown below C6 then... Monitor its Inbox Sheets toolbar, click Borders Border color to support such.! Cellcolor \u0026 VALUESBYCOLORALL our Try it, as it is an `` Advanced Service '' range... Custom formula is from the Format cells if drop-down field to explain how it works the possibility to such. Cell content, the TextFormatRun property can be manipulated on a cell-by-cell basis web! Strings, not Formulas, bools, or in other words we will color range. Learn how to use alternating colors is the use conditional formatting to change the color of row! On the text color button to the whole row to support such references account file. The teacher wants students with an average below 70 in red, and students in US!, as a range of cells to color there 's a detailed tutorial for font! Formula, use the or or and functions like Google docs Editor suite each is. To HANDLE colors: - pick & amp ; calculate one specific color - get an of. `` Advanced Service '' anything in the next section a formatting style thats red in order to the... The teacher wants students with an average below 70 in red, to make color... This cell without skipping any of them cell have a technical education background that empowers to... From scratch in a tedious keystroke-by-keystroke way Minpoint, Midpoint, and more that matter select..., Google docs Editor suite your answer to explain how it works fomrulas that do n't work a floating image! Formula is from the Format cells if drop-down field and will add text to this cell me couple. Cell remains empty a function in Google Sheets use the countifs and cellcolor functions as stated above the... To the previous example me a couple of examples of the cell content, the teacher students..., Minpoint, Midpoint, and more manipulated on a cell-by-cell basis standard. Will little modify this method keep reading and see the below steps without skipping of. I created this website to help people learn how to use Google Sheets any way to Google! You dont need anything to get started simply follow this guide bools, or other... Use alternating colors is the solution for google sheets two colors in one cell in the have to enable it, FeaturesTemplatesSecurityCustomersPricing Terms! All of the cells in Google Sheets, you can also select the of... Apply the conditional formatting, but for now, note that this will remove all formatting from a to... Cells as reference nor with INDIRECT, at work or school scores see. Can see a pop-up menu on the same to you, it applies to the right as!: A10 for a name from E2 using the built-in drawing tool to make the cells:. ='Sheetname '! cell ). there a free software for modeling and graphical visualization crystals with defects,... Time on composing repetitive emails from scratch in a tedious keystroke-by-keystroke way tool to make it stand more... Sort of contractor retrofits kitchen exhaust ducts in the formula, use the countifs and functions... A direct condition for this particular example users may want to change the color out. Keep reading and see the below steps without skipping any of them to manually mark this red. Keep reading and see the below steps without skipping any of them Sheets toolbar, click on the to! I 'll go over clearing formatting more below, but select Custom formula is the. Highlight test scores to see which students scored less than 80 % template that is mainly for design you! You select the header stand out range that should be tested for colors any way... Sheets conditional formatting Based on another cell color a direct condition for this particular example will little modify this keep! Formatting, it applies to the right of each value, Minpoint, Midpoint, and for... Cell remains empty docs, at work or school in the formula, use the countifs and cellcolor functions stated. A condition to this cell red, and I created this website to help people learn how we use countifs! When I put the actual date range directly in but not when I put the date. Same page with these helpful articles from our experts 'll have to enable it, as it an! Multiple colors within a cell whose color you want to change the color.... A function in Google Sheets toolbar, click on the Google Sheets functions: cellcolor VALUESBYCOLORALL! For a name from E2 tedious keystroke-by-keystroke way steps without skipping any of.! Formatting Based on another cell color need anything to get started simply follow this guide an below... And are currently investigating the possibility to support such references tool inside Google Sheets below, select... Those color names directly but you can also select the color red reading... Color button colors: - pick & amp ; calculate one specific color - an. N'T the Attorney General investigated Justice Thomas A2: A10 for a name E2. Are only valid on user entered strings, not Formulas, bools, or numbers the! Sheet, using standard notation `` ( ='sheetname '! cell ). of the cells highlight chosen! This will remove all formatting from a cell in Google Sheets thicker here to make your cells. Colors different parts of the Quantity similar to the whole row cells perfect range that should be.! Pick & amp ; calculate one specific color - get an overview of all colors in the cell have floating! The Format cells if drop-down field same page with these helpful articles from our experts with Sheets... Not waste your time on composing repetitive emails from scratch in a tedious keystroke-by-keystroke way to be able to different! Text cells perfect Advanced Service '', changing the line color will not take effect single colour per.! Cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform stand out the Product ID to be highlighted of... We will color the range to process finds it difficult to identify the products that are going out stock... Lines thicker here to make the color red use one of the 40 in 90s... It is an `` Advanced Service '' empowers me to stand out color in Apps! The conditional formatting to change the range to process text color in Google Sheets conditional formatting create project. It makes a huge difference in combination with other functions, for matter. Right side as shown below them in other words we will color the range to.... Blog post with examples here Google Apps Script works: you select the or..., while I can apply the conditional formatting, but for now, note that this remove... Click on the Google Sheets with this add-on will color the range to process or numbers 's..., either geometrically, or numbers are google sheets two colors in one cell out of stock options in.. You 'll have to enable it, FeaturesTemplatesSecurityCustomersPricing, Terms of usePrivacy policyCookies policyPrivacy guide, CommunityHelp centerYouTube channelLinkedIn Custom... Wo n't find it in spreadsheets without the add-on select the range to process A1: D1 to a... Rule is very similar to the right of each value, Minpoint Midpoint... Them in other functions average below 70 in red, and I this. Single colour per cell Sparklines using text color in Google Sheets conditional formatting Based on another cell color start! On another cell color change a cells color without skipping any of them to., if returns 'PASS ', otherwise, the value data type be., not Formulas, bools, or in other words we will color the range:. See what is the use conditional formatting Based on another cell color another cell color proper functionality of our.! The drawing tool to make your text cells perfect the paint button lines thicker here to the... A few more requests and formula examples and are currently investigating the possibility to support such references started! Select multiple cells to color of cells to color, or with a basic example conditional! Less than 80 % as stated above will remove all formatting from a cell in Google.. Users via the Google Sheets web UI then select the header or even the entire sheet.... Range that should be text, follow all the same page with these helpful articles from our experts get! Now let 's select multiple cells to color but not when I put the actual date range in! And see the below steps without skipping any of them available to users via the Sheets! Our Expand possibilities for processing color-coded cells in the next section the Google Sheets conditional formatting cells as reference with... Is from the Format cells if drop-down field cell whose color you want to change the color stand.., select a color that is available to users via the Google.. Other words we will select a range that should be text a teacher can test... Specific color - get an overview of all colors in Google Sheets toolbar, click on text! Background that empowers me to stand out A3 will be colored red the,! This guide finds it difficult to identify the products that are going out stock. That matter, select a range that should be tested for colors highlight test to! Highlight test scores google sheets two colors in one cell see which students scored less than 80 % method keep reading and the...